One hundred important questions facing plant science: an international perspective

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چکیده

The ‘One Hundred Important Questions Facing Plant Science Research’ project aimed to capture a global snapshot of the current issues and future questions facing plant science. This revisiting builds on original 2011 paper. Over 600 were collected from anyone interested in plants, which reduced final list 100 by four teams panellists. There was remarkable consensus most important topics between subpanels. We present top science 2022, ranging how plants can contribute tackling climate change, plant-defence priming epigenome plasticity. also provide explanations why each question is important. demonstrate focussing community protecting life has become increasingly for over past 11 years. illustrates collaborative international need long-term funding research, alongside broad community-driven efforts actively ameliorate halt while adapting its consequences. Le projet (Les importantes auxquelles la recherche en Sciences du Végétal doit est confronté) vise à fournir un panorama des problèmes actuels et futures les chercheurs plantes doivent répondre. Cette étude s'appuie sur article de 2011. Plus ont été rédigées par personnes intéressées plantes. La liste réduite 4 équipes monde entier. Il y eu une remarquable sujets majeurs entre sous-panels. Nous présentons plus pour sciences depuis manière dont peuvent contribuer lutter contre le changement climatique jusqu'à l'effet mémoire dans défense ou plasticité l'épigénome. démontrons comment se concentrer climatique, société protection vie végétale devenu au cours dernières années. revue illustre besoin collaboratif d'un financement long terme végétales, parallèlement aux vastes menés communauté améliorer stopper activement tout s'adaptant ses conséquences.” ‘?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????’ ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??, ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??-?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? 2022 ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???, ???? ??????-?????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ??, ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????????, ?????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ???-??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ???. Mradi wa ‘Maswali Mia Moja Muhimu Yanayokabili Utafiti Sayansi ya Mimea’ unalenga kupata picha kimataifa masuala sasa na maswali yajayo yanayoikabili sayansi mimea. Mapitio haya yanajengwa kwenye karatasi asili Zaidi yalikusanywa kutoka kwa yeyote anayevutiwa mimea, ambayo yalipunguzwa hadi orodha mwisho timu nne za wanajopo kimataifa. Kulikuwa makubaliano ajabu juu mada muhimu zaidi kati paneli ndogo Tunawasilisha mimea mwaka kuanzia jinsi inavyoweza kuchangia kukabiliana mabadiliko hali hewa, uanzishaji ulinzi plastiki epigenome. Pia tunatoa maelezo nini kila swali ni muhimu. Tunaonyesha kuangazia jamii, kulinda maisha kumezidi kuwa katika kipindi cha miaka iliyopita. Kupitia upya huku kunaonyesha hitaji ushirikiano ufadhili muda mrefu utafiti pamoja juhudi zinazoendeshwa jumuiya kikamilifu kukomesha tabianchi, tukizoea matokeo yake. Das Projekt “One Research” (Hundert wichtige Fragen für die pflanzenwissenschaftliche Forschung) zielt darauf ab, eine globale Momentaufnahme der aktuellen Probleme und zukünftigen Pflanzenwissenschaften zu erstellen. Diese Neuauflage baut auf dem ursprünglichen Artikel von auf. Über wurden jeglichen an Pflanzen interessierten Personen vorgeschlagen, dann vier Teams mit globaler Beteiligung endgültige Liste fokussiert. Es gab einen bemerkenswerten Konsens über wichtigsten Themen zwischen den globalen Untergremien. Wir stellen vor, denen sich im Jahr konfrontiert sehen. Sie reichen Frage, wie zur Bewältigung Klimawandels beitragen können, bis hin pflanzlichen Abwehrmechanismen Plastizität Epigenoms. erläutern auch, warum jede Frage Bedeutung ist. zeigen, Fokussierung Klimawandel, Gesellschaft Schutz Lebens letzten Jahren Pflanzenwissenschaft immer wichtiger geworden Dieser Rückblick verdeutlicht Notwendigkeit einer langfristigen Finanzierung pflanzenwissenschaftlichen Forschung interdisziplinärer internationaler Ebene. Parallel dazu sind durch breite getragene Anstrengungen Nöten, Klimawandel aktiv mildern aufzuhalten gleichzeitig seine Folgen anzupassen.” “100?????????'???????????????????????????????2011???????????????????????? ??????????????????600????????????????(???????????)?????????????????????????????????100?????????????????????????????? ????? ???????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????????11?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????. O projeto ‘Cem Questões Importantes para Pesquisa em Biologia Vegetal’ visa capturar uma escala questões atuais e futuras que tenham relevância pesquisa área plantas. Esse estudo é atualização do realizado A partir das mais perguntas formuladas por pessoas interessadas plantas, foram selecionadas as relevantes quatro equipes painelistas globais. Destaca-se houve considerável consenso sobre os tópicos painéis Dessa forma, apresentamos enfrentadas pela Vegetal 2022. Essas cobriram diversos tópicos, incluindo como plantas podem contribuir combater mudanças climáticas plasticidade epigenoma Além da lista contendo consideradas relevantes, fornecemos breve explicação importância cada delas. Demonstramos o foco nas climáticas, comunidade proteção vida vegetal tornou-se vez importante ciência nos últimos anos. ilustra necessidade colaborativa internacional financiamento longo prazo Vegetal, juntamente com amplos esforços crise climática global, enquanto adaptamos às suas consequências. “?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????????? ??????” ?? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???, ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????, ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????, ???????? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????, ???????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????. Die “Eenhonderd belangrike vrae plantwetenskap-navorsing” -projek het ten doel om ‘n blik te neem van huidige kwessies waarmee plantwetenskap doen asook toekomstige dit gaan hê. Hierdie herbesoek bou voort op oorspronklike referaat wat dieselfde vraagstuk beantwoord het. Meer ingesamel enigiemand plante belangstel. Dié deur spanne paneellede tot finale lys belangrikste verminder. Daar merkwaardige konsensus oor onderwerpe tussen subpanele. Ons bied gesig staar, wissel hoe kan bydra klimaatsverandering aan pak, aanskakel ingeboude plantverdedigingsmeganismes epigenoomplastisiteit. verskaf ook verduidelikings hoekom elke vraag belangrik is. demonstreer fokus klimaatsverandering, beskerming plantlewe bydrae gemeenskape afgelope jaar al belangriker vir geword illustreer gesamentlike internasionale behoefte langtermynbefondsing plantwetenskap-navorsing, tesame met breë gemeenskapsgedrewe pogings aktief spreek stop, terwyl daar gevolge daarvan aangepas word. Sata tärkeää kasvitieteen kysymystä -projektin päämääränä koota ja esittää kansainvälinen katsaus tärkeimpiin kysymiksiin nyt tulevaisuudessa. Tämä atrikkeli laajentaa päivittää julkaistua alkuperäistä tutkimusta. Tätä artikkelia varten julkaistiin avoin internet -kysely kaikille kasvitieteestä kiinnostuneilta. Kyselyn tuloksena kerättiin yli kysymystä, joista neljä kansainvälistä, eri maanosia edustavaa asiantuntijaryhmää itsenäisesti valitsi tärkeintä. Asiantuntijaryhmien tärkeimmiksi luokittelemat kysymykset olivat yllättävän samanlaisia maanosata riippumatta. Tässä artikkelissa esitämme yhteenvedon asiantuntijaryhmien valitsemista tärkeimmästä kysymyksestä vuonna lyhyen kuvauksen jokaisen kysymyksen tärkeydestä. Kysymykset kattava laajan kirjon aiheita mahdollisuuksista ratkaista kansainvälisiä, ilmastonmuutokseen liittyviä ongelmia aina kasvien suojamekanismien stimulointiin epigenettiiseen säätelyyn. Nämä niiden selitykset osoittavat kuinka ilmaston muutoksen ratkaiseminen, yhteisöjen hyvinvointi suojelu ovat tulleet entistä tärkeämmiksi aiheiksi viimeisen vuoden aikana. tärkeimpien kysymysten uudelleenarviointi tukee kansainvälisen yhteistyön pitkäaikaisen rahoituksen tärkeyttä yhteisöjohtoisten projektien ponnistusten ohella ihmiskunnan keinoina taistella muutosta vastaan sopeutua muuttuvaan ympäristöön. ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????, ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?????. ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?????????????????????. ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????????? ????????? ????? ????????. ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????. ????? ?????????????????? ??????? ??????????????. ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????????????????, ???? ??? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????????? ????????????. ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????.???? ?????????????? ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ??????????????, ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ???? ????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????????????. ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ???????. ? ????????????? ??? ? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ??????????????, ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????. ??-??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????????. ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ????-?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????????????. ?????????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ????????????. ???? ?????????? ????????? ???????, ?????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ????????????? ???? ????????????????. ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????????, ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????-????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ????????????????. ‘??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???. ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ????, ?? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????. ??-???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ????. ????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????. ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???????-??????? ???????????? ??????. ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ???, ??????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ????, ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????-????? ???????????. El proyecto “Cien preguntas las enfrenta investigación biología vegetal” tiene objetivo documentar los temas actuales vegetal. Esta revisión basa el artículo publicado Se recopilaron más provenientes cualquier persona interesada Estas fueron reducidas seleccionadas cuatro equipos compuestos jurados globales. Hubo notable subpaneles Presentamos Éstas incluyen cómo pueden lucha contra cambio climático, acondicionamiento del sistema inmunitario plasticidad epigenoma. Además, proveemos explicaciones justifican qué pregunta es importante. Demostramos concentrarse comunidad científica protección ha vuelto años. necesidad una financiación largo plazo junto esfuerzo parar adaptándose mientras tanto sus consecuencias. ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ????????’ ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????????. ? ??????????? ???? ???????? ???????????????. ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? 600?? ???? ???????? ??????????????, ?????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????????. ???-????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????. 2022?? ????????? ???? ??????????????, ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ??????????, ???????-???????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????. ?? ???????????? ????? ???????????? ??????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????????????. ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????, ???? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????.” Iphrojekthi ‘Yemibuzo Eyikhulu Ebalulekile Ebhekene Nocwaningo Lwesayensi Yezitshalo’ ihlose ukuthatha isifinyezo somhlaba wonke sezinkinga zamanje nemibuzo yesikhathi esizayo ebhekene nesayensi yezitshalo. Lokhu kubuyekezwa kwakhela ephepheni lokuqala lika-2011. Imibuzo engaphezu kuka-600 yaqoqwa kunoma ubani onentshisekelo ezitshalweni, eyehliswa yaba uhlu lokugcina lwe-100 ngamaqembu amane abahleli bomhlaba wonke. Kube nokuvumelana okumangalisayo ngezihloko ezibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwamaphaneli amancane omhlaba. Sethula imibuzo eyi-100 ebaluleke yezitshalo ngo-2022, kusukela ekutheni izitshalo zingaba negalelo kanjani ekubhekaneni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuya ekuthuthukisweni kokuvikela kanye ne-epigenome Siphinde sinikeze izincazelo zokuthi kungani umbuzo ngamunye ubalulekile. Sikhombisa ukuthi ukugxila ekuguqukeni umphakathi, nokuvikela impilo kubaluleke kangakanani kwisayensi kule minyaka eyi-11 edlule. kubukezwa kabusha kukhombisa isidingo sokusebenzisana namazwe omhlaba ngokuxhaswa ngezimali isikhathi eside kocwaningo lwesayensi yezitshalo, nemizamo ebanzi eqhutshwa umphakathi yokulungisa nokunqanda ukuguquguquka kuyilapho kuvumelana nemiphumela yako. Projektet “Ett Hundra Viktiga Frågor Som Berör Forskning Inom Växter” hoppas att fånga inblick i dagens problem och framtida frågor som berör växtforskning. Denna tillbakablick bygger på orginalartikeln från Över samlades personer med intresse för växter, varav valdes av vår globala panel. Det var otrolig samstämning ämnen mellan olika sub-panelerna. Vi presenterar viktigaste frågorna rör växtforskningen varierar hur växter hjälper till tackla klimatförändringar, förstarker sitt försvar, epigenom-plasticitet. ger också förklaringar varför just dessa är så viktiga. visar klimatförändringar samhälle, det viktigt värna växters liv, har blivit mer senaste åren. illustrerar samarbete internationellt behov långtids-finansiering växtforskning, tillsammans ansträngningar inom vidare samhället aktivt dämpa anpassa oss dess konsekvenser. Since paper published (Grierson al., 2011), research continues be critical importance academic, commercial policymaking communities. world's growing population needs help deliver safe reliable food, fuel, building materials, textiles paper; but inequalities exacerbated changing mean these basic requirements are frequently not realised equitably. Equally, avenue change deceleration (Bonan & Doney, 2018). By we horizon-scan new areas pressing including voices historically excluded sought about diverse sources, botanically curious nonexpert those with years plant-focussed expertise. Our panel experts chosen reflect interests around world, 10 both Global North South. panellists' diverse, palaeobotany conservation ecology, agricultural economics cell biology. full panellist's expertise available Supporting Information Notes S1. ensured that gender balance included typically conversations ensure decisions inclusive representative communities possible. Here, outcome collaboration identify emerging themes. our first publication, horizon scanning key part engagement policy many fields (Blumensaat 2019; Goddard 2021; Glaros 2022), hope methods outcomes constructively conversations. extensive descriptions S2, clarify what means, summarise relevant background information explain consider To achieve goals, followed modified Delphi protocol based Sutherland al. (2008) currently community. began when collection opened 18 May 2021 finished 30 September virtually 31 January at https://tinyurl.com/100PlantScienceQuestions. Question submission promoted using social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter Instagram), national mailing lists, internal communications across higher education institutions, word-of-mouth, direct contact, newsletters press releases. Plant-focussed institutions world contacted, farming unions. Emphasis placed upon contacting outside North. Data category, submitter's location profession. form English, French, Spanish, German, Arabic, Simplified Chinese, Japanese Brazilian Portuguese. submitted languages other than English translated native speakers. From raw 616 submitted, sifted categorised before they presented manually grouped into categories, broadly covering: (A) Plants Society; (B) Plants, Climate Change Food Production; (C) Plant–Environment Interactions; (D) Molecular Approaches Fundamental Biology. Some bridged multiple categories. See Box 1 definitions keywords category. Category – Society: this category if any following criteria: considering society interacts sociology, history, anthropology, economy, psychology, health well-being, pedagogy, urban environments, academia, Indigenous histories ethnobotany. B Production: group food security, sovereignty, production, sustainability, crops, productivity farming. had make explicit mention or related terms like ‘global warming’. C Interactions: broad-scale biodiversity, microbial interactions, mycorrhizal pathogens, biotic stress, abiotic soils carbon storage. suited did contain words ‘climate change’ warming’ C. D Biology: biology, model organisms, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, evolution, speciation, methodologies, sequencing, photosynthesis, CRISPR epigenetics. edited clarity manuscript, without meaning intended improve selection efficiency panellists, EMA questions, where answers well known, combined similar themes, wording. Effort made words, concepts preserved whereas determiners, connectors prepositions preserved. After exclusion, 208 remained consideration. For all frequency see S3. submitters could express interest becoming panellist encouraged apply worked plant-related career, regardless location. Prospective panellists especially South 5+ experience career. Expressions up diversity monitoring age, birth, work, identity, length career date, sector additional caring responsibilities. Panellists share brief overview their motivations, understanding project's aims. In total, 86 people applied majority (53%) working Europe, reflecting initial Europe-centric promotion project. European overrepresentation mediated adjusting number region. Additional contacted industry knowledge pool. Panellists' identifying removed EMA, ERL, HH CG independently chose prospective supporting statements amendments made. total 20 selected: six Europe (AG, CRW, RA, BL, CM DF), America (FD, AAC, ML, AB, VP SS), five Asia Oceania (SSP, XF, DJ, VG NO), three (or originally from) Africa (IW, BM YA). Efforts cover wide breadth experiences within panels. Gender parity achieved demographics found Four independent regional panels established: America, Oceania, Africa. allowed region-specific discussion reducing time-zone issues. Each elected final, meetings. Using nonanonymised ranking system (Sutherland 2008), ranked March April Zoom. online meeting responsibilities still attend assembly. consisted BM, YA, FD chaired EMA. eight times automatically selected them. Open inclusion/exclusion justification representatives spoke behalf region, own personal views. choose

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: New Phytologist

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['0028-646X', '1469-8137']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18771